By definition, achieving your financial goals requires the accumulation of financial assets. How quickly you accumulate the needed assets depends on three things - how much you earn, how much you save, and how well you invest:
How much you earn. Sure, we all want to enjoy our work. But within that parameter, why not choose a job that will pay more? Your income is going to drive all your other financial decisions, so investigate your options.
Even if you aren't interested in changing jobs now, pay attention to what is going on in your field.
This could be a good way to supplement your current salary. It may also turn into a part-time job or business after retirement.
Read up on which jobs are expected to have the highest growth rates and/or highest salaries over the next few years. If you don't enjoy your current job, you have even more incentive to implement these suggestions.
How much you save. You should be saving a minimum of 10% of your gross income. But don't just rely on that rule of thumb. Calculate how much you need to meet your financial goals and then determine how much you should be saving on an annual basis. If you can't seem to save that much, consider these tips:
Instead of spending money from tax refunds, bonuses, and inheritances, invest the money immediately. You may also want to put any salary increases into savings, possibly in your 401(k) plan.
One of the best ways to save regularly is to make saving automatic. If you have to remember to write a check every month, it's easy to forget or not get around to. It's usually easier to have the money automatically deducted from your bank account and deposited directly in an investment account. Another good alternative is to sign up for your company's 401(k) plan, having funds withdrawn every paycheck. (Keep in mind that an automatic investing plan, such as dollar cost averaging, does not assure a profit or protect against a loss in declining markets. Because such a strategy involves periodic investment, you should consider your financial ability and willingness to continue purchases through periods of low price levels.)
How well you invest?. To ensure that your savings grow, you need to invest them wisely. Consider these tips:
The most basic investment decision you'll make is how to allocate your portfolio among the various investment categories, such as cash, bonds, and stocks. You want to ensure your portfolio is diversified among a variety of investments. That way, when one category is declining, hopefully other categories will be increasing or not decreasing as much. To decide how to allocate your portfolio, you'll first need to come to terms with your risk tolerance. Factors like your time horizon for investing and return expectations will also impact your decision.
Decide whether you should continue to own it based on your financial goals and asset allocation strategy. Also make sure your investments are adding diversification benefits to your portfolio.
The higher your expected return on your investments, the less you need to save every year. However, if your assumed rate of return is significantly higher than your actual return, you won't reach your goals. Thus, it's important to use reasonable return expectations. Assess your progress every year Assess your progress every year so you can make adjustments along the way. If your return is lower than expected, you may need to increase your savings or change investment allocations.
Your portfolio won't stay within your desired allocation by itself. Since different investments earn different rates of return, over time your allocation will get out of line. You need to review your portfolio periodically and make adjustments to rebalance it.
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